Aviation Glass

While that’s still the basic function of the windows on board your flight, the conditions in which the windows (or “portholes” if you prefer the old nautical term) have to operate, with varying air pressure and a great range of temperatures, mean that they are rather more complex than a simple pane of glass in a frame.

Aircraft Windows

Windows are heated throughout the flight, for two reasons. First, to prevent the formation of ice, but more importantly to prevent glass becoming brittle. As anyone who has ever made the mistake of pouring hot water onto a frozen windscreen will know, glass can crack easily when it is cold! There are a couple more small windows on board that you’ve probably never noticed. Set into the floor of the cockpit and cabin are two small portholes that usually remain covered by carpet. But lift the carpet, squat down and peer inside and you can see the front and rear landing gear, via some ingenious little mirrors. These serve as back-up devices so that the pilots can carry out a technical inspection even while the plane is in the sky.

Passenger Windows

In fact the passenger windows aren’t made of glass at all but a double layer of acrylic. The space between the two layers helps reduce noise and is ventilated to prevent a build-up of moisture – which would spoil your view of the clouds.

Cockpit Windows

Meanwhile, up in the cockpit the windows are made of real glass: bulletproof glass to be precise. That’s not because of any risk of people taking pot-shots at the plane but because of the very real risk of hitting birds during take-off and landing. The cockpit windows gain their strength from having a laminated three-layer structure. The two outer layers are made of glass, with an inner pane of acrylic. The combination allows the windows to resist even very large impacts but means the windows are very heavy – around 45 kilos for each large pane in the main windshield of an Boeing 757.